The author rejects the attribution of the discussed painting to Raphael, which has been admitted almost unanimously since 1970. The previous idea was based on two mistakes: an inaccurate interpretation of the results of conservation carried then and the groundless identification of the London painting with the one exhibited in the sixteenth century in the church of Santa Maria del Popolo in Rome. The detailed examination of the stylistic features of the both famous portraits of Julius II - in London and the Uffizi Gallery - leads the author to the primacy of the latter one, which is probably the original of Raphael, painted possibly after the cartoon preserved in the Collezine Corsini in Florence, but not after the one from Chatsworth as supposed before. The London painting was a workshop copy painted probably ca 1516 by Giovanni Francesco Penni.