The paper focuses on Claude Lorrain’s painting of Moses and the Burning Bush, one of five paintings commissioned by the Sieur (then Abbé) de Bourlemont, a French diplomat who lived in Rome for over twenty years, and who was one of the artist’s most important patrons. After a résumé of what is known of the patron, including a reference to his testament, the paper discusses the other works he commissioned from Claude; then turns to a description of the preparatory drawings for the composition, and its probable visual sources, concluding with a consideration of its enigmatic pendant, a coast scene with uncertain subject.